Hydraulic fracturing uses water under very
high pressure to form cracks through the producing zone. Specialized
piston pumps deliver the water down the casing and into the formation.
When water pressure exceeds formation pressure the fractures begin to
form.
Special fracturing sand delivered with the water into the formation keeps the fractures from collapsing on release of hydraulic pressure. Guar gum and it's derivatives such as FHG, Hydroxypropyl Guar, Carboxymethyl Guar,Milling, Drilling contractors Carboxymethyl Hydroxypropyl Guar etc. widely used in petroleum industry as additives for aqueous and water / methanol based fracturing fluids. Guar gum based product in aqueous fluids is used in drilling shallow wells. These applications utilize the gum's properties to increase viscosity, reduce fluid loss and decrease fluid friction.
These products can easily crosslink with different cross linking agentsinclude borate and different transition metal ions. Cross linking increases guar gum's resistance to hydrolysis at high temperature, effectively doubling the duration of its useful viscosity. Up on cross linking the resultant fluid can handle high concentrations of prop pant and provides increased fracture width and penetration.
This is the reason why Guar gum is cross linked to thicken fracturing fluids for high temperature oil wells. In hydraulic fracturing a liquid is injected under high pressure in to an oil or gas bearing rock formation to create fractures. After the fracture is initiated a popping agent, such as coarse sand, suspended by gelled polymer is carried with the fluid into the fracture to "prop" it open after the pressure is relieved. Guar gum based products are able to reduce the fluid friction during the pumping of aqueous liquids by suspending turbulent flow.
Special fracturing sand delivered with the water into the formation keeps the fractures from collapsing on release of hydraulic pressure. Guar gum and it's derivatives such as FHG, Hydroxypropyl Guar, Carboxymethyl Guar,Milling, Drilling contractors Carboxymethyl Hydroxypropyl Guar etc. widely used in petroleum industry as additives for aqueous and water / methanol based fracturing fluids. Guar gum based product in aqueous fluids is used in drilling shallow wells. These applications utilize the gum's properties to increase viscosity, reduce fluid loss and decrease fluid friction.
These products can easily crosslink with different cross linking agentsinclude borate and different transition metal ions. Cross linking increases guar gum's resistance to hydrolysis at high temperature, effectively doubling the duration of its useful viscosity. Up on cross linking the resultant fluid can handle high concentrations of prop pant and provides increased fracture width and penetration.
This is the reason why Guar gum is cross linked to thicken fracturing fluids for high temperature oil wells. In hydraulic fracturing a liquid is injected under high pressure in to an oil or gas bearing rock formation to create fractures. After the fracture is initiated a popping agent, such as coarse sand, suspended by gelled polymer is carried with the fluid into the fracture to "prop" it open after the pressure is relieved. Guar gum based products are able to reduce the fluid friction during the pumping of aqueous liquids by suspending turbulent flow.
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